Ransom cook



RANSOM COOK, OF SARATOGA SPRINGS, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 81,069, dated. August 18, 1868.

ntrnOvsMENr IN .BITS ron BORING WOOD.

tlgettle retentir tu 'im time tztter tteut mit mtliingagtrt uf tte stmt;

To ALL wHOM 1T MArcoNonnN Be it known that I, RANSOM COOK, of Saratoga Springs, in the county of Saratoga, and State of New York, have invented 'a-'new and useful Improvement on Spoonfits, the nature of which invention consists in the form of a spoon-bit, with a screw or centre point, thereby enabling persons using such centred spoon-bit to cornmence and bore a hole with accuracy at the place desired; and I do herebydeclarc that the following is a full, clear, and `exact'deseri'ption of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had 'to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- I Figure I is a 'view of the concave side of the ordinary spoon-bit.

Figure 2, a view of the same on-one of its narrow sides. v

Figure 3, va. view ofthe concave side and centre point of my improved spoon-bit; and

'Figure 4 a view of one of the narrow sides of the same implement.-

In` manufacturing my improved spoon-bit, I forge the shank and plate the part for the pod in the ordinary manner, with the addition of forming a projection at the lower end of the pod, to be shaped into a centre. The pod and centre are subsequently formed with swages or dies. i The concave part of such dies is cut suiciently deep to bring the centre of the bit in the middle of the hole `it bores A screw is cut on the centresof the larger sizes of these bits, but it is not necessary on the small ones. I le the centres square, or nearly so, in a'll leases, thus removing the greater part of the threads of the screws, and enabling those without screws to enter the wood easily. These centres should bc shorter and smaller than those used on twist-bits, their function being merely to secure accuracy in commencing the hole the bits are to bore, and not necessary to draw the bit ito thc wood, as in twist-bits.. The speed or expedition in boring with common spoon-bits being/regulated by pressure upon the bit-stock, they are easily made to bore much faster in soft woods than in those which are hard. It is vto preserve this advantage as far as possible that I leave the centres in my improved bit so small as to give hardly a perceptible Vresistance wuen'cntering the wood. So much of the threads of the screw on the larger sizes are out away, that those remaining present no apparent obstruction to boring in soft wo'ods much Afaster 'than the screw, if left round, would feed, while the remaining threads of the screw do aid in drawing the bit into the wood when it isof a hard kind; still, the hold ofthe screw, even inhard wood, should be so feeble as -to permit the sudden withdrawal of the bit from the hole while continuing to turnit,.as if boring, thus retaining that valuable quality of the common spoon-bit, .of removing the chips entirely from the hole bored by it, for

if, as with auger-bits, the hold of the screw is so strong as to require the turning vof thc 'implement backwards before removing it, chips are generally left in the bottom of thefhole. As the motion of the spoon-bit, when iu use, is like that of a gouge if applied to the same purpose, or, to speak more plainly, it swings around' thc circlewhilc boring, its thin, weak edge is'supported by the contact of the back or outside of thebit withthe interior face of the hole it ismahing. It is, therefore, essential' that the centre point of the bit should be so formed and adjusted asto permit such contact.

I do not claim the borer shown in plate 79, figs. 1 and 2, of ,Hulssis Allgcmine Maschinen Encylopiidie, vol. ii, such device being the well-known pod-auger, with a lip or cutter at the lower end orpoint thereof,

the edge of the cutter drooping somewhat from a right angle with its pod, and projecting forward beyond the edges of the pod in the shape of a half moon, saidlp having, in the case referredto, a screw centre, to draw the -borer into the wood, while the spoon-bit, 'both in shape and action, diiers from the pod-auger, having in shape no projecting cutter known as a lip, but it performs itscutt-ing with the curved'cdge of the pod or spoon at the lower cri'd of it.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

' The improved spoon-bit, constructed substantially as hereinbcforeset forth.

. RANSOM COOK.

Witnesses:

M. T. COOK, E. B.. Coon.- 

